Spatially dispersing in-gap states induced by Andreev tunneling through single electronic state
arxiv(2024)
摘要
By using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy
(STM/STS), we observe superconducting in-gap states induced by Andreev
tunneling through single impurity state in a low-carrier-density superconductor
(NaAlSi). The energy-symmetric in-gap states appear when the impurity state is
located within the superconducting gap. Superconducting in-gap states can cross
the Fermi level, and show X-shaped spatial dispersion. We interpret the in-gap
states as a consequence of the Andreev tunneling through the impurity state,
which involves the formation or breakup of a Cooper pair. Due to the low
carrier density in NaAlSi, the in-gap state is tunable by controlling the STM
tip-sample distance. Under strong external magnetic fields, the impurity state
shows Zeeman splitting when it is located near the Fermi level. Our findings
not only demonstrate the Andreev tunneling involving single electronic state,
but also provide new insights for understanding the spatially dispersing in-gap
states in low-carrier-density superconductors.
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