Green ammonia as peerless entity for realm of clean-energy carrier toward zero carbon emission: Purviews, neoteric tendencies, potentialities and downsides

In the light of serious concerns on negative impacts with respect to carbon footprint of fossil fuels. Ammonia is recognized as a promising enabler for carbon free energy vector that could be a potential alternative fuel for next generation power applications. Even though it is not free of downsides, in view of addressing the ammonia requirement, producing ammonia is a crucial need. In recent years, green ammonia towards zero carbon emission is gaining a significant interest and looming larger for considering clean energy production among the research communities. It is evident that the feasibility of using ammonia could be a potential outcome as sustainable fuel with low carbon energy storage medium. Furthermore, it is proven that the emission of greenhouse gases can be reduced approximately 160 million tons CO2-eq. by solar-based ammonia. While comparing in terms of energy storage medium, liquid ammonia significantly packs in more hydrogen than liquid hydrogen per same volume. Recent studies revealed that the different approaches, such as aid of renewable energy (wind, solar, or tidal), plasma chemical, thermochemical, and electrochemical of ammonia may offer a new strategy for significant production of green ammonia. In this perspective, the present review has been articulated for highlighting the previous authoritative studies and recent developments on green ammonia synthesis and its neoteric tendencies for different applications with downsides.