Revascularisation for Peripheral Arterial Disease in France: Implications for the Implementation of VOYAGER-PAD

Objective The VOYAGER-PAD trial demonstrated the interest in dual pathway inhibition (DPI) (low dose rivaroxaban plus aspirin) to reduce limb and cardiovascular events after revascularisation for peripheral artery disease (PAD), but its applicability in clinical practice has not yet been assessed. This study aimed to assess the number of patients revascularised in France for PAD and to estimate the proportion of those matching with VOYAGER-PAD trial selection criteria. A secondary objective was to examine the prognosis of revascularised patients in a real world setting. Methods This observational retrospective study was conducted on the national hospital discharge database and included all patients with PAD who underwent lower extremity revascularisation for PAD (without lower extremity revascularisation in the 2 years prior to inclusion) from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2019. Available VOYAGER-PAD selection criteria were then applied to the study population. Results In total, 180 870 incident patients were included (mean age 72.0 ± 12.2 years, 30.9% female), with approximately 45 000 patients revascularised yearly. Among them, 90 379 (50.0%) matched the VOYAGER-PAD trial criteria (VOYAGER-PAD eligible subgroup; mean age 69.8 ± 12.1 years, 29.5% female). In the study population and the VOYAGER-PAD eligible subgroup, 33.9% and 26.6% of patients had diabetes, 28.1% and 19.9% had chronic coronary artery disease, and 14.6% and 5.7% had renal failure, respectively. Overall, 73.1% of study patients were treated by an endovascular approach (75.5% in the VOYAGER-PAD eligible subgroup). In patients with ≥ 1 year of follow up, 45.4% of study patients and 36.0% of the VOYAGER-PAD eligible subgroup experienced a limb or cardiovascular event. Median time until the first event and in hospital death was 4.8 months and 7.8 months, respectively (6.7 months and 12.9 months in the VOYAGER-PAD eligible subgroup). Conclusion The burden of PAD for revascularisation and secondary events is considerable. One half of revascularised patients in France are eligible for DPI therapy. Those patients are younger, with less comorbidities, and better outcomes.