Atacama Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (AtLAST) Science: Our Galaxy
arxiv(2024)
摘要
As we learn more about the multi-scale interstellar medium (ISM) of our
Galaxy, we develop a greater understanding for the complex relationships
between the large-scale diffuse gas and dust in Giant Molecular Clouds (GMCs),
how it moves, how it is affected by the nearby massive stars, and which
portions of those GMCs eventually collapse into star forming regions. The
complex interactions of those gas, dust and stellar populations form what has
come to be known as the ecology of our Galaxy. Because we are deeply embedded
in the plane of our Galaxy, it takes up a significant fraction of the sky, with
complex dust lanes scattered throughout the optically recognisable bands of the
Milky Way. These bands become bright at (sub-)millimetre wavelengths, where we
can study dust thermal emission and the chemical and kinematic signatures of
the gas. To properly study such large-scale environments, requires deep, large
area surveys that are not possible with current facilities. Moreover, where
stars form, so too do planetary systems, growing from the dust and gas in
circumstellar discs, to planets and planetesimal belts. Understanding the
evolution of these belts requires deep imaging capable of studying belts around
young stellar objects to Kuiper belt analogues around the nearest stars. Here
we present a plan for observing the Galactic Plane and circumstellar
environments to quantify the physical structure, the magnetic fields, the
dynamics, chemistry, star formation, and planetary system evolution of the
galaxy in which we live with AtLAST; a concept for a new, 50m single-dish
sub-mm telescope with a large field of view which is the only type of facility
that will allow us to observe our Galaxy deeply and widely enough to make a
leap forward in our understanding of our local ecology.
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