Measurements of CNT Forest Self-Assembly from In-situ ESEM Synthesis
arxiv(2024)
摘要
Understanding the dynamic self-assembly mechanisms of carbon nanotube (CNT)
forests is necessary to advance their technological promise. Here, in-situ
environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) chemical vapor deposition
(CVD) synthesis observes the real-time nucleation, assembly, delamination, and
self-termination of dense (> 10^9 CNT/cm^2), tall (> 100 μm) CNT
forests in real time. Forest synthesis is continuously observed from nucleation
to self-termination. Assembly forces generated near the substrate detach CNTs
from the substrate, which simulation suggests requires approximately 10 nN of
tensile force. Delamination initiates at both the CNT-catalyst and the
catalyst-substrate interfaces, indicating multiple delamination mechanism.
Digital image correlation applied to SEM image sequences measures
time-invariant strain within growing forests, indicating that forests grow as
rigid bodies after liftoff. The Meta CoTracker algorithm measured CNT growth
rates reduce from 50 nm/sec to full termination over 150 seconds. This work
provides a robust strategy to observe and measure CVD material synthesis
in-situ using ESEM. The method is uniquely suited to observe population-based
phenomena at both nanometer spatial resolution and at a highly scalable field
of view.
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