Military Non-Terrestrial Networks Architecture and Spectrum Sharing Method for Mitigating Jamming Attacks and Multiple Access Interference

The non-terrestrial networks (NTN) have the potential to enhance military operations in the network-centric operational environment (NCOE) through improved communication coverage and connectivity. However, existing NTN cannot satisfy NCOE requirements. To satisfy the requirements, we propose the military NTN (M-NTN) architecture and a novel spectrum-sharing method for coexistence between Low Earth Orbit (LEO) beams and high altitude platforms (HAP) or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) cells. M-NTN employ slow frequency hopping (SFH) for primary users (PU) and fast frequency hopping (FFH) for secondary users (SU). To the best of our knowledge, there is no previous work where two different systems simultaneously performed FFH and SFH. We design the SFH method of the PU so that SU can easily access PU’s spectrum. Then, we propose two FFH methods, FFHR and A-FFHR, considering SU mobility and mitigating jamming attacks. Mathematical models analyze pulse collision probabilities, showing M-NTN’s effective spectrum-sharing and SU performing FFH, which has less multiple access interference among SUs. A-FFHR is effective owing to high jamming detection probability that we ensure via our proposed jamming detection algorithm. We can determine proper network parameters, such as the slot or frame length, to perform jamming detection algorithms via analysis of numerical results.