Application of a self-assembly sensing layer to Bragg grating sensor cabinets for Biomedical Sensing of Rheumatoid Arthritis Antigen-Antibodies

In this paper, we harnessed biomedical applications in laser-assisted etching techniques to manufacture Long-Period Fiber Grating sensors (LLPFGs), subsequently deploying them within the realm of biomedical applications. The primary aim of this study was to devise a sensitive method for the detection of antigen antibodies associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using LLPFGs. Sensing the antigen binding took place on the surface of the optical fiber through a self-assembling process. Given the inherent limitations of conventional rheumatoid factor testing in terms of specificity, we introduced an innovative serum-based approach geared towards the identification of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (Anti-CCP). This method exhibited an impressive diagnostic accuracy rate of approximately 80% for RA cases, coupled with an exceptional specificity level of 98% for individuals without RA. The incorporation of LLPFGs in the detection of rheumatoid arthritis antigen antibodies presents a highly promising avenue for enhancing the precision and reliability of RA diagnosis. Furthermore, this research aligns closely with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG)3, which strives to promote well-being across all age groups and advance sustainable development by addressing health-related challenges, including the accurate diagnosis of diseases like rheumatoid arthritis.