Effect of music-based interventions on physiologic stability of hospitalized preterm infants. A pilot study

Background and objective Hospitalized preterm infants experience reduced meaningful auditory exposures during a critical period of brain development. Music-based interventions (MBI) may be beneficial, though it remains unclear which stimuli optimally enhance infant stabilization. We investigated the relationship between three conceptually-different MBIs and short-term responses in hospitalized preterm infants. Study design This is a case-crossover pilot study including 21 preterm infants between 30 and 35 weeks postmenstrual age. Participants listened to three MBIs and ‘no music’; each condition was provided three times in random order. We monitored physiologic and behavioral parameters around each exposure and analyzed results using linear mixed models. Results Respiratory rates decreased after each MBI compared with ‘no music’ ( p = 0.02). The most notable decrease occurred following exposure to a low, repetitive musical pattern resembling a lullaby ( p = 0.01). We noted no significant changes for the remaining parameters. Conclusion Specific MBI characteristics may preferentially enhance physiologic stabilization in hospitalized preterm infants.