Emergence of Large-Scale Structures in Holographic Superfluid Turbulence

In two-dimensional turbulence systems, the emergence of large-scale structures holds profound physical implications, particularly as it indicates the occurrence of inverse energy cascades, thereby garnering significant attention. In this paper, we report a novel vortex clusters formation in the background of near-extreme Reissner-Nordström black hole holographic model. At temperatures nearing absolute zero, we observe not only the formation of vortex clusters but also the emergence of an inverse energy cascade. Distinct from typical quantum systems, the genesis of holographic vortex clusters is rooted in unique quantum dissipation properties, characterized by the near immobilization of vortex dipoles at low temperatures. Through a comparative analysis with the dynamics of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation, our investigation enhances the understanding of inverse energy cascades under these extreme conditions, thereby broadening our comprehension of quantum turbulence.