Optimized third-generation prospect theory-based three-way decision approach for conflict analysis in multi-scale Z-number information systems

There has been limited research on considering decision -makers psychological factors and risk attitudes in the early three-way decision theory and methods. Behavioral three-way decision models can better describe and analyze decision -makers risk preferences and behaviors, with prospect theory being prominent. This paper introduces a third -generation prospect theorybased three-way decision model. It characterizes uncertain reference points for decision -maker preferences through positive/negative ideal points and medians. Due to nonlinear weighting functions in prospect theory, closed -form solutions for three-way decision thresholds are absent. The paper introduces ??????-model and fl -model optimizations for numerical threshold solutions, simplifying three-way decision rules. Additionally, the proposed optimized three-way decision model is applied to conflict analysis, considering multi -scale and Z -number information's impact on conflict evaluation. Effective methods for deriving three-way conflict analysis rules and outcomes from multi -scale Z -number information systems are studied. Audit team conflict analysis examples validate the validity and feasibility of the proposed models and methods. Finally, several experimental results with data sets confirm overall performance.