Four-Channel WDM Graphene Optical Receiver
arxiv(2024)
摘要
Silicon photonics with the advantages of low power consumption, low cost, and
high yield is a crucial technology for facilitating high-capacity optical
communications and interconnects. The graphene photodetectors (GPDs) featuring
broadband operation, high speed, and low integration cost can be good additions
to the conventional SiGe photodetectors, supporting silicon-integrated on-chip
photodetection in new wavelength bands beyond 1.6 microns (e.g., U-band and 2
microns). Here we realize a silicon-integrated four-channel wavelength division
multiplexing (WDM) optical receiver based on a micro-ring resonator (MRR) array
and four p-n homojunction GPDs. These GPDs based on the photo-thermoelectric
(PTE) effect operating under zero (current) bias exhibit responsivities of
about 1.1 V/W and flat frequency responses up to 67 GHz which is set-up
limited. The GPDs show good consistence benefiting from the compact active
region array (0.006 mm^2) covered by a single mechanically exfoliated
hBN/graphene/hBN stack. Moreover, the WDM graphene optical receiver realized
the 4 x 16 Gbps non-return to zero (NRZ) optical signal transmission. To the
best of our knowledge, it is the first GPD-array-based optical receiver using
high-quality mechanically exfoliated graphene and edge graphene-metal conduct
with low resistance. Apparently, our design is also compatible with CVD-grown
graphene, which can also result in a good consistence of the GPDs. This work
shed light on the large-scale integration of GPDs with high consistency and
uniformity, enabling the application of high-quality mechanically exfoliated
graphene, and promoting the development of the graphene photonic integrated
circuits.
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