The Paintings Reveal the Story: Case Study of a Well-Known Swedish Artist Suffering from Alzheimer's Disease

Background: Creativity is a multifaceted, complex, activity, and as such is an overarching function of the brain rather than being confined to a specific structure or region. Alzheimer's disease effects several cognitive domains involved in the creative process of producing art. Objective: We analyze the art of a well-known Swedish visual artist who suffered from Alzheimer's disease to determine if, and in what way, his art and creative process might have been influenced by the disease. Methods: We compared his artistic process and artwork along with information from his spouse, medical records, and cognitive tests as well as reviews of exhibitions written by art critics. Results: We show that not only did the artist continue to produce artwork well into a major decline in cognitive function, according to commonly used tests, but he could continue to do so for even longer with some assistance from his spouse. However, the artwork changed considerably as the disease progressed. We hypothesize that there is a substantial lack of representation of creative ability and function in cognitive tests. Conclusions: Signs of the Alzheimer's disease can be seen in the early artwork if viewed by critics and those with more specialized knowledge into the artist's production. Further analysis of the complex interaction between complex neural activities, such as artistic creativity, and cognitive diseases is warranted and might provide insight in the field of neurological degenerative disease.