A Chromatic Dispersion-Tolerant Frequency Offset Estimation Algorithm Based on Pilot Tone for Digital Subcarrier Multiplexing Systems

A digital subcarrier multiplexing (DSCM) system has been proposed as a possible solution for large capacity and long-distance coherent optical transmissions due to its high tolerances for chromatic dispersion (CD), equalization-enhanced phase noise (EEPN) and fiber nonlinearity. In a DSCM receiver, for subcarrier-demultiplex to occur properly, frequency offset estimation (FOE) must be implemented before demultiplexing. It is beneficial to decrease complexity and EEPN by compensating CD on each subcarrier. Therefore, a high CD tolerance is indispensable for the FOE algorithm in a DSCM receiver. However, the mainstream blind FOE algorithms for single-carrier systems, such as the 4th power fast Fourier transform algorithm, could not work for DSCM systems. To deal with this challenge, a pilot tone-based FOE algorithm with high CD tolerance is proposed and verified using simulations and offline experiments. The final estimation accuracy of about 10 MHz of the proposed two-stage FOE is achieved at low computational complexity. Simulations and offline experiments show that DSCM systems with the proposed algorithm have a 0.5 similar to 1 dB Q-factor improvement over Nyquist single-carrier systems.