Theory of the linewidth-power product of photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers
arxiv(2024)
摘要
A general theory for the intrinsic (Lorentzian) linewidth of photonic-crystal
surface-emitting lasers (PCSELs) is presented. The effect of spontaneous
emission is modeled by a classical Langevin force entering the equation for the
slowly varying waves. The solution of the coupled-wave equations, describing
the propagation of four basic waves within the plane of the photonic crystal,
is expanded in terms of the solutions of the associated spectral problem, i.e.
the laser modes. Expressions are given for photon number, rate of spontaneous
emission into the laser mode, Petermann factor and effective Henry factor
entering the general formula for the linewidth. The theoretical framework is
applied to the calculation of the linewidth-power product of air-hole and
all-semiconductor PCSELs. For output powers in the Watt range, intrinsic
linewidths of a few tens of Hertz are predicted if stable single mode operation
is ensured
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