Diagnostic and Prognostic Role of Delta Neutrophil Index (DNI), With Emphasis on Gastrointestinal Disorders

Background: A brand-new biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis for a variety of inflammatory or infectious conditions is the delta neutrophil index (DNI). DNI is a laboratory index that is determined by dividing the total number of peripheral blood neutrophils by the number of immature granulocytes. However, there are few studies that have examined the potential use of DNI as a prognostic biomarker in gastrointestinal disorders and their associated infections. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of delta neutrophil index (DNI) as a biomarker to determine the prognosis of infectious conditions, especially in gastrointestinal diseases. Methods: The research is a bibliographic review. To review the articles, from the databases PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, etc., and based on the inclusion criteria, case reports, cohorts and numerous clinical studies used in a period of mostly 4 years (2019-2023) were selected. The final sample used in this review included 120 articles. Results and conclusion: The results showed that DNI may be considered as a primary and reliable biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis, initial triage, surgical outcomes, various infections, as well as predicting the severity of pediatric and gynecological conditions and cardiopulmonary or gastrointestinal disorders and etc.