Relation between Fibrinogen Gene Polymorphisms and Microvascular Complications in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective: The present work aimed at genotyping fibrinogen beta (FGB) gene rs1800790 polymorphism and studying its relation to plasma fibrinogen (FG) level and microvascular complications in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D).Materials and methods: The study included 100 patients with T1D attending outpatient clinic. Full history taking and physical examination were done. Routine biochemical parameters and plasma FG level were measured. Genotyping of rs1800790 FGB gene polymorphism was done.Results: The study included 52 females and 48 males with T1D with mean diabetes duration of 7.75 +/- 2.95 years. Their mean age was 14.71 +/- 3.24 years. Plasma FG level was significantly higher in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) (p = 0.024) and in patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) (p = 0.036). No significant relation was found between plasma FG level and rs1800790 FGB gene polymorphism. The GA genotype of gene polymorphism was associated with 6 times increased risk of DPN. The dominant mode GA + AA was associated with a 4 and 7 folds increased risk of DPN in univariate and multivariate analysis respectively. A cut-off values of plasma FG > 348 mg/dL and > 358 mg/dL were able to differentiate patients with DPN and DKD respectively.Conclusions: In patients with T1D, the GA and the GA + AA genotypes of rs1800790 FGB gene polymorphism were significantly associated with DPN while plasma FG level was associated with DPN and DKD but not with rs1800790 FGB gene polymorphism. Diabetol 2023; 12; 6: 353-361)