Dual-Modality Nanoprobe for Noninvasive Detection of Microthrombus after Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion

The presence of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (CI/R) poses a significant impediment to the complete restoration of neuronal functioning following the onset of ischemic stroke and the implementation of clinical thrombolytic treatments. The timely identification of microthrombus is crucial in the early recognition of microcirculatory complications and in facilitating informed clinical decisions. However, current assays, such as clinical pathological analysis and imaging detection, have not adequately met the requirements for intravital detection of microthrombus following CI/R. To address this limitation, this study introduces a dual-modality nanoprobe named GNC, specifically designed for intravital detection of fibrin-rich microthrombus. By combining high-temporal-resolution optical imaging and high-spatial-resolution magnetic resonance imaging, the GNC nanoprobe enables noninvasive real-time imaging of microthrombus at the nanoscale and guides subsequent therapeutic decisions. This innovative approach of the GNC nanoprobe showed great promise in the development of diagnostic and therapeutic tools for managing microthrombus following CI/R.