Targeting Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin modified dual-gene coexpressing vector enhances gene transport and promotes lung tumor suppression

Poor systemic administration capability, a natural tendency to target CAR-positive cells, nonspecific shedding to normal organs, and poor viral persistence in tumor tissues are major hindrances to the therapeutic benefit of adenovirus (Ad) gene vectors in the clinical setting. Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin (ASF) grafted with targeted peptides was used to coat ING4-IL-24 dual-gene coexpressing adenovirus for targeted gene therapy of lung carcinoma. The dual-gene vector with a diameter of 390 nm could target and infect H460 lung tumor cells, internalize into cells, express the ING4 and IL-24 genes at a high level, effectively inhibit the proliferation of lung tumor cells, and induce their apoptosis. The in vivo treatment of H460 human lung carcinoma xenograft tumors showed that the dual-gene coexpressing vector suppressed the proliferation of lung tumor cells by downregulating the expression of Ki67 and Bcl-2, promoted apoptosis by upregulating the expression of C Caspase-3 and Bax, and blocked tumor angiogenesis by downregulating the expression of VEGF and CD31, thus exerting a multichannel tumor inhibition effect. Surface modification of Ad with targeted cationic silk fibroin is an effective way to solve the natural tendencies and in vivo instability of adenovirus vectors, and such vectors have potential for clinical application.