From Powder Manufacturing to Perovskite/ p -type TCO Thin Film Deposition

Photovoltaic perovskites are very attractive candidates as absorber layers because of their very interesting properties. In the present work, we have two parts: first, we prepared powders of the perovskites MAPbBr 3 , MAPbI 3 , and MAPbCl 3 , with the aim of maximizing their purity, and then we deposited thin films using these powders previously prepared by the one-step spin-coating method. The anti-solvent used was under the same ambient deposition conditions. We concluded with a series of characterizations such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and UV–visible absorption to better appreciate the quality of the films produced. The crystalline structures of the films, their surface morphology, and their optical properties from the characterizations show that we have succeeded in producing film samples suitable for photovoltaics.