pop-cosmos: A comprehensive picture of the galaxy population from COSMOS data
arxiv(2024)
摘要
We present pop-cosmos: a comprehensive model characterizing the galaxy
population, calibrated to 140,938 galaxies from the Cosmic Evolution Survey
(COSMOS) with photometry in 26 bands from the ultra-violet to the infra-red.
We construct a detailed forward model for the COSMOS data, comprising: a
population model describing the joint distribution of galaxy characteristics
and its evolution (parameterized by a flexible score-based diffusion model); a
state-of-the-art stellar population synthesis (SPS) model connecting galaxies'
instrinsic properties to their photometry; and a data-model for the
observation, calibration and selection processes. By minimizing the optimal
transport distance between synthetic and real data we are able to jointly fit
the population- and data-models, leading to robustly calibrated
population-level inferences that account for parameter degeneracies,
photometric noise and calibration, and selection effects. We present a number
of key predictions from our model of interest for cosmology and galaxy
evolution, including the mass function and redshift distribution; the
mass-metallicity-redshift and fundamental metallicity relations; the
star-forming sequence; the relation between dust attenuation and stellar mass,
star formation rate and attenuation-law index; and the relation between
gas-ionization and star formation. Our model encodes a comprehensive picture of
galaxy evolution that faithfully predicts galaxy colors across a broad redshift
(z<4) and wavelength range.
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