Experimental study on real-time detection of artificial blood vessel micro-leakage based on triboelectrification effect

Artificial blood vessels are prone to breakage in the form of apertures or fractures during periodic blood pulsation and installation. It has caused great threats and hidden danger to the treatment and rehabilitation of patients. Therefore, it is of great research value and practical significance to develop a rapid real-time detection method with high detection accuracy and good response characteristics for artificial blood vessels. Based on the triboelectrification(TE) effect and fluid boundary layer theory, this paper proposes and systematically studies a liquid–solid contact single-electrode mode sensing device for micro-leakage detection of vascular prosthesis (MLDVP). By real-time monitoring and analyzing the voltage and frequency characteristics of the output electrical signal, the damage form prediction, damage degree estimation, and leakage area location can be carried out quickly and effectively. The results show that the boundary layer structure and velocity gradient of the inner wall of the tube change when the artificial blood vessel is damaged, which changes the directional movement law of carriers at the liquid–solid interface, resulting in slow growth of the output open-circuit voltage. Further research shows that under the same damage type, with the gradual increase of damage degree, the output current of the external circuit detected by the system decreases gradually, and the corresponding output voltage change ratio also decreases. Therefore, the real-time monitoring and analysis of the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current output by MLDVP can effectively realize the rapid detection and estimation of the damage location, damage type, and damage degree of the artificial blood vessel.