Intra-amniotic Sildenafil and Rosiglitazone Late in Gestation Ameliorate the Pulmonary Hypertension Phenotype in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

•What is currently known about this topic?•Early gestation intra-amniotic sildenafil administration improves pulmonary hypertension and survival in the nitrofen mouse model of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH)•Transplacental (pregnant dam) administration of sildenafil or rosiglitazone has been shown to improve the pulmonary hypertensive phenotype in CDH when initiated as late as E18 in the nitrofen rat model of CDH•What new information is contained in this article?•Intra-amniotic injection of sildenafil and rosiglitazone performed late in gestation (E19.5) is still effective in improving the pulmonary hypertension phenotype of CDH.•Sildenafil and rosiglitazone, delivered together by IA injection, reduce pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation.