Application of polysaccharide materials in the prevention and treatment of oral diseases

The oral system includes the teeth, temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles, nerves and other tissue structures, and represents an important biological barrier for the human body. Research has shown that many microorganisms are present in the oral cavity. When the human body's defense ability is reduced, these microorganisms can invade the deep tissues and cause caries, periodontal inflammation, the loss of oral tissue function and reduce aesthetic appeal. Previous researchers found that polysaccharides can be used as an important energy source for the growth of microorganisms while also representing a source of new material for the treatment of oral diseases. This review represents a summary of key information relating to the application of polysaccharides in the oral field. The first part of the review focuses upon the basic prevention of the formation of plaque biofilm and the reproduction of infected bacteria by using polysaccharides. The second part of the review focuses on the restoration effect of polysaccharides on the teeth and periodontal tissues. Finally, we focus on the application of supplementary polysaccharides in the treatment oral diseases. In addition, polysaccharide materials can effectively the onset of disease in the periodontal region, oral cavity and jaw during aesthetic repair and orthodontic treatment. In addition, they can also help the periodontal ligament, tooth enamel and alveolar bone to regenerate. Our review provides the basis for investigating new technologies and materials.