Vehicle routing problems with multiple commodities: A survey

In this paper, we present a survey on vehicle routing problems with multiple commodities. In most routing problems, only one commodity is explicitly considered. This may be due to the fact that, indeed, a single commodity is involved, or multiple commodities are transported, but they are aggregated and modeled as a single commodity, as no specific requirement imposes their explicit consideration. However, there exist cases in which this aggregation is not possible due to the characteristics of the commodities or to the fact that it would lead to sub-optimal routing plans.