Obstructive sleep apnea plasma-derived exosomes mediate cognitive impairment through hippocampal neuronal cell pyroptosis

•1) What is the primary question addressed by this study? The question addressed by the study must limited to only one sentence.•Answer: The aim of this study was to investigate whether OSA plasma-derived exosomes cause cognitive impairment through hippocampal neuronal pyroptosis, and to identify differential expression of exosome miRNAs in OSA plasma-derived.•2) What is the main finding of this study? The finding must be limited to two sentences.•Answer: The results of this study showed for the first time that plasma exosomes from severe OSA patients can promote pyroptosis in vivo and in vitro, increase the expression of inflammatory factors, and lead to impaired cognitive function in mice, and there are differentially expressed miRNAs of exosomes from OSA plasma-derived.•3) What is the meaning of the finding? The meaning of the finding must be limited to one sentence.•Answer: The meaning of this study proves that OSA plasma-derived exosomes mediate OSA-related cognitive impairment through pyroptosis, providing new insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of cognitive impairment complicated by OSA.