Single NV in nanodiamond for quantum sensing of protein dynamics in an ABEL trap
arxiv(2024)
摘要
Enzymes are cellular protein machines using a variety of conformational
changes to power fast biochemical catalysis. Our goal is to exploit the
single-spin properties of the luminescent NV (nitrogen-vacancy) center in
nanodiamonds to reveal the dynamics of an active enzyme complex at
physiological conditions with the highest spatio-temporal resolution.
Specifically attached to the membrane enzyme FoF1-ATP synthase, the NV sensor
will report the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-driven full rotation of Fo motor
subunits in ten consecutive 36 steps. Conformational dynamics are
monitored using either a double electron-electron resonance scheme or NV-
magnetometry with optical readout or using NV- relaxometry with a
superparamagnetic nanoparticle as the second marker attached to the same
enzyme. First, we show how all photophysical parameters like individual size,
charge, brightness, spectral range of fluorescence and fluorescence lifetime
can be determined for the NV- center in a single nanodiamond held in aqueous
solution by a confocal anti-Brownian electrokinetic trap (ABEL trap). Stable
photon count rates of individual nanodiamonds and the absence of blinking allow
for observation times of single nanodiamonds in solution exceeding hundreds of
seconds. For the proposed quantum sensing of nanometer-sized distance changes
within an active enzyme, we show that local magnetic field fluctuations can be
detected all-optically by analyzing fluorescence lifetime changes of the NV-
center in each nanodiamond in solution.
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