Porous Zn-TCPP interlayer with active reaction sites modulates membrane physicochemical properties to improve nanofiltration performance

For nanofiltration (NF) membranes, constructing the interlayer between the substrate and polyamide (PA) layer could balance the trade-off effect between the selectivity and permeability. However, the influencing mechanism of the interlayer to the PA layer is mostly indirect, and how to regulate the physicochemical properties of the PA layer to improve the membrane property remains to be investigated. In this study, porous Zn-TCPP nanosheets with active reaction sites were used to construct interlayer and directly participated in interfacial polymerization (IP) reaction through the edge -COOH of nanosheets reacting with piperazine (PIP) to further regulate PA layer physicochemical properties. Controlling the amount of nanosheets involved in the reaction, NF membranes with striated Turing structures, higher negatively charged surface and larger effective filtration area were obtained. The NF membrane permeability with Zn-TCPP interlayer was significantly improved by 123 % while the Cl-/ 4 selectivity was greatly enhanced to 72.69, meanwhile it showed excellent performance stability. This study presents a new perspective that the interlayer can modulate the NF membrane physicochemical properties to improve its performance by directly participating in the IP reaction.