Energetic, exergetic and environmental (3E) analysis of three different heat pump systems in Kocaeli

This study presents an energetic, exergetic and environmental (3E) evaluation of different source heat pump systems for heating. For the first time, three different systems, namely ground, solar energy-assisted ground and solar source heat pump systems, have been modeled for Kocaeli climate conditions and thermodynamic analyses have been performed. The calculation procedure has been given for the correct design and evaluation of the models of these systems. The energy and exergy analyses have been made of these systems. The compressor work of the solar-assisted ground source heat pump (GSHP) system is 5.4% lower than the GSHP system. The solar source heat pump has the highest exergy destruction at 14.29 kW. In addition, the collector areas have been calculated for the solar energy-assisted ground and solar energy source heat pumps. The solar radiation values according to the months have been calculated for Kocaeli. This study shows that the heat pump systems can be used in residential heating in Kocaeli. Thus, it is possible to achieve more efficient and economical heating using alternative energy sources in heat pumps. The heat pumps are an effective environmental protection and energy-saving technology.