Malla: Demystifying Real-world Large Language Model Integrated Malicious Services
CoRR(2024)
摘要
The underground exploitation of large language models (LLMs) for malicious
services (i.e., Malla) is witnessing an uptick, amplifying the cyber threat
landscape and posing questions about the trustworthiness of LLM technologies.
However, there has been little effort to understand this new cybercrime, in
terms of its magnitude, impact, and techniques. In this paper, we conduct the
first systematic study on 212 real-world Mallas, uncovering their proliferation
in underground marketplaces and exposing their operational modalities. Our
study discloses the Malla ecosystem, revealing its significant growth and
impact on today's public LLM services. Through examining 212 Mallas, we
uncovered eight backend LLMs used by Mallas, along with 182 prompts that
circumvent the protective measures of public LLM APIs. We further demystify the
tactics employed by Mallas, including the abuse of uncensored LLMs and the
exploitation of public LLM APIs through jailbreak prompts. Our findings enable
a better understanding of the real-world exploitation of LLMs by
cybercriminals, offering insights into strategies to counteract this
cybercrime.
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