Plasma miRNAs and Treatment Failure in Participants in the Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) Study.

OBJECTIVE:To identify plasma miRNAs related to treatment failure in youth with type 2 diabetes (T2D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:We examined whether a panel of miRNAs could predict treatment failure in training/test data sets among participants in the Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) study (N = 209). We also examined whether individual miRNAs were associated with treatment failure. RESULTS:Participants were age 14.5 years, and 62% were female. A panel of miRNAs did not predict treatment failure. However, for each doubling, miR-4306 was associated with a 12% decrease (P = 0.040) and miR-483-3p was marginally associated with a 12% increase (P = 0.080) in failure independently of sex, race/ethnicity, BMI, Tanner stage, HbA1c, maternal diabetes, oral disposition index, and treatment arm. The addition of both miRNAs improved model fit (log likelihood without vs. with miRNAs -360.3 vs. -363.5; P = 0.040). CONCLUSIONS:miR-483-3p and miR-4306 may be associated with treatment failure in youth with T2D.