The effect of salbutamol sulphate inhalation (an anti-asthmatic medication) on the surfaces of orthodontic Archwires

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the surface roughness and friction of different orthodontic archwires after exposure to salbutamol sulphate inhalation, an anti-asthmatic medication.Methods: Orthodontic archwires (stainless-steel [StSt], nickel-titanium [NiTi], beta-titanium [beta-Ti], and copper-NiTi [Cu-NiTi]) were equally divided into two groups. The exposed groups were subjected to 20 mg salbutamol sulphate for 21 days and kept in artificial saliva. The control groups were only kept in artificial saliva. Surface changes were visualized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The average surface roughness (Ra) was evaluated using atomic force microscopy (AFM), and friction resistance forces were assessed using a universal testing machine. Statistical analyses were performed using t-tests and ANOVA followed by post hoc tests.Results: Salbutamol sulphate did not change the surface roughness of StSt and NiTi archwires (p > .05). However, the change in the surfaces of beta-Ti and Cu-NiTi archwires was significant (p < .001). The frictional forces of exposed StSt, NiTi, and Cu-NiTi archwires did not change (p > .05). However, the frictional forces of beta-Ti archwires increased significantly after exposure to salbutamol sulphate (p = .021). Brushing with fluoride after exposure to salbutamol sulphate increased the frictional forces of beta-Ti only (p = .002).Conclusions: Salbutamol sulphate inhalation significantly affected the surface texture of beta-Ti and Cu-NiTi orthodontic archwires and increased the friction of beta-Ti archwires. These deteriorating effects were not detected on the surface of StSt and NiTi archwires. Therefore, we suggest that beta-Ti and copper titanium archwires should be used cautiously in individuals under salbutamol sulphate inhalation treatment.