Acceptance of physical activity virtual reality games by residents of long-term care facilities: a scoping review

Purpose: This scoping review aims to identify evidence on older adults' acceptance of PA VR games in LTC facilities, describe research designs used, define key acceptance concepts, and identify knowledge gaps for future research. Materials and methods: Following Arksey and O'Malley's framework, data from published and unpublished articles (Jan 2000-May 2023) were collected. Twelve databases and additional sources were searched for studies on LTC residents (>= 65 years), PA video games (including VR and console games), acceptance, and attitudes. Data extraction included article details, design, population, intervention, outcomes, and limitations. Results: Five studies met inclusion criteria from 1628 initial titles. They assessed acceptance of PA VR games among older adults in LTC facilities, showing varying levels of acceptance. Most studies used analytical designs, including RCTs. Key concepts of VR acceptance were poorly defined, with only one study using a validated TAM questionnaire. Knowledge gaps highlight the need for further research to understand PA VR acceptance among older adults in LTC facilities. Conclusion: Validated acceptance questionnaires are needed in study of VR acceptance by older adults. Use of qualitative and quantitative methods can enhance understanding of technology acceptance, alongside exploration of individual, environmental, and age-related factors. Detailed reporting of VR interventions is recommended to comprehend acceptance factors.