Modified Particle Swarm Optimization for the Optimum Use of Multi-Reservoir Systems: MRP Complex, Chhattisgarh

The effective operation of reservoirs has been a key concern among the water resources management authorities as a consequence of global water shortages and decreased surface water runoff owing to increasing water demand and the effect of climate change. Water shortages, economic constraints, and environmental concerns have all contributed to the optimization of operations becoming increasingly replaced by new technologies. Optimization operation of water resources system is a challenging issue because of its nonlinearity, multiple constraints, and several dimensions. To address the challenges associated with the operation of the multipurpose Mahanadi reservoir in Chhattisgarh, India. The present study utilizes the application of modified particle swarm optimization (MPSO). The present study was conducted to evaluate the performance of the particle swarm optimization (PSO) model in comparison to the current operating reservoir system, to minimize the sum of squared deviations in downstream release and demand. The average percentage changes in reliability (100.31%), resilience (85.02%), sustainability (24.54%), as well as vulnerability reduced up to 69.54%. The model also had the lowest error parameters in the system such as (RMSE = 1.3892, MAPE = 0.1003, NMSE = 0.1025, MAE = 38.6689, and MSE = 1.9299), despite having the highest R2, i.e., 0.8974. When applied to the Ravishankar Sagar reservoir, MPSO yields optimal, worst, average, and standard deviation (SD) values of 0.45, 0.56, 0.51, and 0.038, respectively. In terms of optimizing the release and storage rates, MPSO performed consistently better than the PSO and other metaheuristics reviewed from the literature during the study. Therefore, MPSO is advantageous in the search for the optimal reservoir operation policy because it is easy to implement, requires less functional evaluations, and quickly tracks global optimum. Hence this study provides significant evidence that MPSO can be used to effectively solve real optimization challenges.