Data-driven texture design for reducing elastic and plastic anisotropy in titanium alloys

Polycrystalline titanium alloys exhibit anisotropic elastic and plastic properties, which hinder their extensive application as structural components. Overcoming this anisotropy via texture control is challenging due to the anisotropy intrinsic to the titanium single crystal. We propose a theoretical framework to derive textures that minimize anisotropy while maximizing Young's modulus or flow stress. The workflow integrates data driven methods, convex optimization theory, and computational crystal plasticity, using measured elastic constants and the alloy's three slip modes. Optimization constraints are applied to predict textures that satisfy an anisotropy-reducing texture-property relationship. Examples include minimizing both elastic and plastic anisotropy while maximizing stiffness or flow stress, maximizing both stiffness and flow stress, and minimizing the number of distinct orientations. Deformation crystal plasticity simulations of 3D polycrystal microstructure realizations of the example textures demonstrate the achievement of target properties. We show that uniformly distributed (or no) textures or textures designed to purely reduce elastic anisotropy are accompanied by reduced moduli. Counterintuitively, the analysis reveals that appropriate fractions of a relatively small number of select orientations can reduce elastic or plastic anisotropy. Moreover, we derive anisotropy-reducing textures constrained to achieve similarity to those from common metal forming processes like rolling. Finally, we show that anisotropy-reducing textures from this framework can be effectively used for minimizing anisotropy in other Ti alloys, without the need to repeat the data-collection and optimization processes. This study offers new insights into the link between microstructure texture and structural properties, providing a novel approach to designing materials of anisotropic hexagonal close-packed crystals.