Advanced Cooling Textiles: Mechanisms, Applications, and Perspectives

High-temperature environments pose significant risks to human health and safety. The body's natural ability to regulate temperature becomes overwhelmed under extreme heat, leading to heat stroke, dehydration, and even death. Therefore, the development of effective personal thermal-moisture management systems is crucial for maintaining human well-being. In recent years, significant advancements have been witnessed in the field of textile-based cooling systems, which utilize innovative materials and strategies to achieve effective cooling under different environments. This review aims to provide an overview of the current progress in textile-based personal cooling systems, mainly focusing on the classification, mechanisms, and fabrication techniques. Furthermore, the challenges and potential application scenarios are highlighted, providing valuable insights for further advancements and the eventual industrialization of personal cooling textiles. This review provides a comprehensive summary of cooling textiles. According to heat transfer mechanisms, cooling textiles can be classified into wearable devices, radiative cooling textiles, thermal conductive cooling textiles, evaporative cooling textiles, and dynamic responsive cooling textiles. The fundamental principles and process routes are emphasized, shedding light on the latest research advancements and future directions in this field.image