Cardiometabolic-related dietary patterns and thyroid function: a population-based cross-sectional study

Little is known about the association of dietary patterns with thyroid function. Since thyroid function and cardiometabolic variables are inter-related, we investigated whether cardiometabolic-related dietary patterns are associated with thyroid function. This cross-sectional study included 3520 Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study participants. Reduced rank regression was used to find dietary patterns with body mass index, serum fasting glucose, triglycerides, HDL-C, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures as response variables. Two patterns were retained, one based on 35 food groups (native-based pattern) and the other based on the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Germany (EPIC) food grouping (n = 33). A confirmatory cardio-metabolic dietary pattern was also created according to the weight of food groups proposed by the Framingham Offspring Study (FOS). The association of each pattern with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine, and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and the odds of thyroid dysfunction was examined by linear and logistic regression, respectively. The two exploratory dietary patterns were highly correlated and associated with greater TSH levels in euthyroid participants. The adjusted odds ratio (95