Insights into efficiency deviation from current-mismatch for tandem photovoltaics
NANO ENERGY(2024)
摘要
For tandem solar cells (TSCs), the highest efficiency is generally believed to occur when the top and bottom subcells obtain an identical photocurrent, i.e., the current-match condition. However, the real situation is that there is a slight deviation from the matching point, which is an interesting phenomenon, but lacks a clear explanation. Here, we report a coupled photoelectric investigation on the intrinsic mechanisms within TSCs under various current configurations. Taking an all-perovskite TSC as an example, we find that the efficiency deviation originates from the current reduction and fill factor (FF) compensation; moreover, the optimal efficiency depends primarily on the sub-cells with higher FF. Our analysis further reveals that the higher FF and efficiency are achieved under current-mismatch condition due to the differentiated voltage assignments among the sub-cells, i. e., the sub-cells with higher currents require larger voltages in order to effectively recombine the surplus currents. We also find that the impact of sub-cell leakage on TSC performance can be partially alleviated by increasing the current of the affected sub-cell. Such an optoelectronic insight offers a valuable guidance for designing high-efficiency TSCs.
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关键词
Tandem solar cells,Current mismatch,Numerical simulation,FF compensation effect,Voltage assignments
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