Respiratory Quinone Switches from Menaquinone to Polyketide Quinone during the Development Cycle in Streptomyces sp. Strain MNU77

The complex developmental life cycle of Streptomyces sp. mandates efficient cellular respiratory reconfiguration for a smooth transition from aerated nutrient-rich vegetative hyphal growth to the hypoxic-dormant sporulation stage. Polyketide quinones (PkQs) have recently been identified as a class of alternate electron carriers from a related member of the Actinobacteria , Mycobacteria , that facilitates maintenance of membrane potential in oxygen-deficient niches.