The Difficult Coughing Infant

Abstract Bronchoesophageal fistula (BEF) is an anomalous connection between the bronchial tree and the esophagus, which can be either congenital or acquired. This case study presents the clinical scenario of a six-month-old male infant of African descent with a history of recurrent cough and breathing difficulties since birth. The patient had received treatment for pneumonia without improvement. Following a thorough series of investigations, the diagnosis of Bronchoesophageal fistula (BEF) was confirmed prompting the decision to proceed with surgical intervention. The case highlights the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion to accurately diagnose BEF.