Molecular analysis of genetic diversity in Tulip(Tulipa gesneriana L.) cultivation varieties and germplasm resources by SRAP marker

Abstract The taxonomy of Tulipa gesneriana L. poses a challenging problem as traditional morphological methods no longer suffice to meet the demands. In recent years molecular marker technology has been increasingly utilized for population identification and classification as well as for the analysis of genetic diversity and kinship relationships among tulip cultivation varieties and germplasm resources.To elucidate the genetic diversity of different tulip cultivation varieties and germplasm resources This study was carried out to estimate the genetic diversity kinship relationships between 40 tulipa cultivation varieties and germplasm resources using SRAP marker system .The results showed that out of 43 pairs of primers 21 pairs with high polymorphism were selected and 249 clear and stable bands were amplified including 245 polymorphic bands and Percentage of Polymorphism Bands (PPB) is 98.39%.The genetic similarity index of 40 tulip cultivation varieties and germplasm resources is between 0.5020–0.8675 and the genetic diversity parameters including the Number of alleles (N a ) Effective number of alleles (N e ) Nei's gene diversity index (H) Shannon’s information index (I) and polymorphic information content (PIC) are 1.9810 1.5149 0.3042 0.4603 and 0.3212 respectively. This indicates that the genetic diversity of 40 tulip cultivation varieties and germplasm resources is rich .The cluster results analysis and PCoA(principal coordinate analysis) divided 40 tulip cultivars into two major groups A and B (Christmas Magical Banja Luka) with the first group (A) further divided into two subgroups A1 and A2 (Madame Lefeber). These results demonstrate that SRAP can accurately reflect the genetic differences of 40 tulip cultivation varieties and germplasm resources at the molecular level.