Analysis of Large-Scale Energy Storage Technology for Renewable Energy Based on Liquid Hydrogen

Hydrogen is a secondary energy that can provide energy without greenhouse effect and pollution, and will play an important role in the future energy system dominated by renewable energy. The core of large-scale development of hydrogen energy industry is to realize low-cost and high-efficiency raw material source, storage and transportation. In this paper, the key technologies for the clean and efficient utilization of liquid hydrogen are reviewed, and the cost factors of hydrogen energy production, storage and transportation are discussed. The energy storage efficiency of compressed air energy storage (25 MPa, 300 K), normal temperature and high pressure hydrogen energy storage (25 MPa, 300 K) and liquid hydrogen energy storage (0.1 MPa, 20 K) are compared and analyzed theoretically. The theoretical calculation shows that the storage energy of liquid hydrogen is 1452 kWh/m3, it is 3.63 times that of normal temperature and high pressure hydrogen and 27 times that of compressed air. The analysis shows that liquid hydrogen can realize high density, large capacity and long cycle storage of renewable energy, and has high economy. Therefore, the development of key technologies and equipment of liquid hydrogen energy storage will have an important impact on the future energy system.