Probing shock dynamics inside micro-wire targets after high-intensity laser irradiation using a Small Angle X-ray Scattering of a free-electron laser

Abstract In this paper, we present an experiment that explores the plasma dynamics of a 7 μ m diameter carbon wire after being irradiated with a near-relativistic-intensity short pulse laser. Using an x-ray free electron laser pulse to measure the small angle x-ray scattering signal, we observe that the scattering surface is bent and prone to instability over tens of picoseconds. The dynamics of this process are consistent with the presence of a sharp, propagating shock front inside the wire, moving at a speed close to the hole boring velocity or that expected from a thermal shock at a few tens of Mbar.