Effects of maternal folic acid supplementation on renal urinary system development in human offspring—a meta-analysis and systemic review

Background: The effectiveness of maternal folate acid (FA) supplementation during pregnancy in reducing the risk of neural tube defects (NTDs) is already well established. However, the effect of maternal FA supplementation on congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) has scarcely been investigated. This study aimed to investigate the evidence of associations between maternal FA supplementation and offspring renal urinary system abnormality outcomes.