Ecological Vulnerability and Ecological Risk Assessment of Shanghai Section of Hangzhou Bay North Shore

Vulnerability research and ecological risk assessment of coastal ecological environment are of great significance for the temporal and spatial evolution process and trend of coastal zone. In this paper, using the 4-phase GF-1 remote sensing data, the landscape fragility index and landscape artificial disturbance intensity index of the Shanghai section of the north bank of Hangzhou Bay are calculated, and the temporal and spatial variation characteristics and the response to human activities are analyzed. The prediction based on Kalman filtering is used. The area of the landscape vulnerability level of the Shanghai section of the north shore of Hangzhou Bay in 2022. The results show that: (1) The lower fragile area is the dominant type of vulnerable area between 2013 and 2016, and the low-vulnerable area rises to the dominant type in 2016-2018, and the area of higher and high vulnerable areas is on the rise, and the vulnerable areas in 2018-2019 The change is slower than the previous stage. High-level vulnerable areas continue to spread, mainly from urban to suburban, inland to coastal, land to port. (2) The landscape change in the study area has a significant response to human activities, and there is a significant positive correlation between landscape fragility and landscape artificial disturbance intensity. (3) Based on the Kalman filter method, the results of predicting the level of vulnerable areas in each landscape in 2022 show that the area of the low vulnerability level area and the higher vulnerability level area has increased from the previous moment, and the lower vulnerability level area and The area of the medium vulnerability level has increased from the previous moment, and the area of the high vulnerability level has increased from 2018, which is lower than that in 2019.