Acute Scrotum

Acute scrotum pain is defined as pain, swelling, and/or tenderness of the intrascrotal contents. The onset of symptoms can occur as rapidly as within minutes or up to 1–2 days, dependent on the etiology. Acute scrotum is an umbrella term that includes a wide variety of unique disease processes. Immediate recognition, evaluation, and diagnostics are necessary due to the time dependency of certain morbid but reversible conditions. Knowledge of the relevant anatomy is essential in understanding the differential diagnosis and steps in the evaluation of acute scrotum. This chapter elaborates on the pathologies that present as part of the acute scrotum spectrum and their management.