Evaluation of Gmelina Arborea (Roxb) Germplasm for Qualitative Traits and Insect Pest Resistance in Natural and Planted Population Populations of Madhya Pradesh, India

Gmelina arborea Roxb., a fast-growing tree species native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, has garnered attention for its potential in wood-based industries. However, its large-scale plantation in Madhya Pradesh, India, faces significant challenges. This study investigates the prevalent diseases and pests, bole form and branching habit of Gmelina arborea among different populations in Madhya Pradesh. Eextensive field surveys were carried out to identify the natural and planted populations of Gmelina arborea. Based on these surveys three natural populations viz Betul, Mandla and Jabalpur Population and five planted populations Sonaghati, Badhaura, Saraswahi, Neemkheda and Barha were selected for the present investigation. Observations of the bole form of trees was recorded visually as Crooked, less crooked, nearly straight, straight. Branch angle was visually observed and observation is recorded 300, 450, 600 and 900. Disease and pest incidence was visually assessed and intensity of the observations are recorded as Heavy infection, Moderate infection, Low infestation, A healthy tree with no attack. Considerable variation among the qualitative traits was observed among population under study. most straight and nearly straight trees found in planted population than natural populations. 900 and 600 branch angles were observed more in plantation than natural populations. More no of healthy tree and tree with low infestation was observed in plantation. Agroclimatic zones of Satpura plateau performs better for bole form. Kymore plateau and Satpura hills agroclimatic zones performs well in case of branching angle and health status. Northen hill zones of Chhattisgarh underperforms as far as qualitative traits are concerned.