High fidelity simulation on the breakup and deformation characteristics of liquid jet in crossflow with rectangular nozzles

In this article, high fidelity simulation of liquid jet in crossflow was carried out to investigate the breakup features and deformation characteristics of liquid column with different nozzles in primary breakup. Water as the jet liquid is injected into crossflow from circular and rectangular nozzles. Air velocity ranges from 40 m/s to 80 m/s. The results indicated that at the smaller air velocity, the surface breakup was mainly affected by the sharp angle of rectangular nozzles. And for all nozzles, the breakup regime of liquid column was very similar due to the reason that the final shape of cross section was similar, which was bow. While the air velocity across the sides of liquid column dominated the surface breakup at the higher air velocity. The transformation of breakup regimes was accelerated as the width of rectangular nozzles increased in the column breakup. In contrast to circular nozzles, for rectangular nozzles the deflection of thin edges on the lateral sides of liquid column was avoided, thus preventing the shrinkage of liquid column during injection. The difference of breakup regime for the nozzles may be due to the difference of air velocity in the flow direction of liquid column. Besides, the difference of windward trajectory between rectangular nozzles with the different widths was decreased as the air velocity increased.