Volume, Peak discharges and Froude Number of Debris-Flow Surges: 10 Years of Monitoring on the Réal Torrent (France)

This work presents a summary of data on debris-flow monitoring stations focusing on the surge scale rather than full-scale debris-flow event (several fronts and surges with intermediate diluted flows). Surge-scale debris-flow data are not easily accessible for modellers but would be very beneficial for the community. A summary of the data processing protocol is offered, and its application to the monitoring station of the R?al Torrent is described (drainage area: 2 km 2 , SE France). Investigated bulk surge features are volume, front height, peak discharge, and Froude number. This investigation leads to statistical distributions of these parameters on 34 surges gathered from 2011 to 2020. Their volumes are typically a few thousand cubic metres, their peak flow height is 1 to 2 m, their peak discharge is a few dozens of cubic metres per second and their Froude number is near critical. Results drawn from this work will be a great asset for modellers to better feed their numerical experiments with realistic, field-driven features.