Abstract 4382: Evolution of curative-intent lung cancer surgery in a 4 eras in the population-based mid-south quality of surgical resection (MS-QSR) cohort

Abstract Background. Most patients die within 5 years of curative-intent lung cancer surgery Differences in surgical quality and cancer biology drive long-term overall survival (OS) differences after curative-intent resection. From 2009 onward, we implemented a sequence of interventions to improve surgical quality and pathologic evaluation in a regional population. We evaluated population-level surgical quality and OS in the MS-QSR cohort. Methods. We categorized the MS-QSR into 4 (approximately) 5-year eras: 1) 2004-08, baseline; 2) 2009-13 (quality feedback and pilot intervention studies); 3) 2014-18 (surgical intervention with a lymph node collection kit); 4) 2019-22 (dual surgical and pathology intervention with novel gross dissection method). We compared surgical quality and OS across eras using standard statistical methods. Results. Of 6,701 resections, 15%, 33%, 32%, and 20% were in Eras 1-4, respectively. American College of Surgeons Operative Standard 5.8 quality was attained in 4%, 22%, 45%, and 65% of resections in Eras 1-4, respectively; the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer’s stringent definition of ‘complete resection’ was achieved in 0%, 9%, 20%, and 31%, respectively; 120-Day mortality rates were 10%, 9%, 7%, and 4%; 3-year OS rates were 49%, 64%, 71%, and 84%; 5-year OS, 34%, 52%, and 61%, in Eras 1-3 (too early for Era 4); p<0.0001 for all comparisons. Conclusion. Population-level surgical quality and OS have improved sequentially in parallel with implementation of interventions to surgical and pathology practices. The higher OS threshold in the MS-QSR creates a platform to interrogate the biologic drivers of surgical outcomes differences. Citation Format: Olawale Akinbobola, Meredith A. Ray, Carrie Fehnel, Andrea Saulsberry, Kourtney Dortch, Anberitha T. Matthews, Nicholas R. Faris, Caroline M. Godfrey, Matthew Smeltzer, Raymond U. Osarogiagbon. Evolution of curative-intent lung cancer surgery in a 4 eras in the population-based mid-south quality of surgical resection (MS-QSR) cohort. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 4382.