Anti-diabetic potentials of Sorbaria tomentosa Lindl. Rehder: Phytochemistry (GC-MS analysis), α-amylase, α-glucosidase inhibitory, in vivo hypoglycemic, and biochemical analysis

Abstract This study aimed to examine the anti-diabetic effects of an unexplored medical plant Sorbaria tomentosa Lindl. Rehder using in vitro and in vivo approaches. The extracts were tested as inhibitors of α-glucosidase and α-amylase following standard protocols. Methanolic extract was analyzed via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for tentative identification of the secondary metabolites. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of several compounds. α-Amylase was more potently inhibited by chloroform and methanolic extracts (27 and 40 µg mL −1 , respectively), whereas α-glucosidase was more potently inhibited by methanolic extract (IC 50 = 530 µg mL −1 ). Methanolic extract was also subjected to in vivo studies using an alloxan-induced diabetes rat model. Diabetic animals treated with 150 mg kg −1 body weight dose of methanolic extract cause a steady decrease in blood glucose levels (529.16, 446.66, 348.00, 269.33, and 165.5 mg dL −1 , respectively, on days 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28). At 300 mg kg −1 dose, the blood glucose level was decreased to 111.83 mg dL −1 on day 28. Blood biochemistry results indicated that treatment with methanolic extract normalized the elevated parameters including cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, serum creatinine, blood urea, uric acid, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, and aspartate aminotransferase in diabetic animals.